The Alpine Fault is called a strike slip or transform fault. ago). If, alternatively, it is assumed that all fault motion took place in the last 30 m.y., this does not change our conclusion with respect to the stress required for the argon depletion. Please check your email for instructions on resetting your password. and Petrology, Exploration The interpretation of inverted metamorphic isograds using simple physical calculations. Properties of Rocks, Computational Search for other works by this author on: You do not currently have access to this article. Changes produced by surface conditions such as compaction are usually excluded. They form an inverted metamorphic sequence grading eastward into an ∼1-km-wide, amphibolite-facies−derived mylonite zone in the hanging wall. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves. Cooling history of the northern Ford Ranges, Marie Byrd Land, West Antarctica. Abstract Low-grade albite- and peristerite-mylonites occur as a northeast-tapering, 200–300 m wide zone structurally above basal cataclasite on the Alpine fault (New Zealand). By continuing to use our website, you are agreeing to our, Fault rock lithologies and architecture of the central Alpine fault, New Zealand, revealed by DFDP-1 drilling, New on-fault evidence for a great earthquake in A.D. 1717, central Alpine fault, New Zealand, Gneiss domes, vertical and horizontal mass transfer, and the initiation of extension in the hot lower-crustal root of a continental arc, Fiordland, New Zealand, Textural changes of graphitic carbon by tectonic and hydrothermal processes in an active plate boundary fault zone, Alpine Fault, New Zealand, Locating the deep extent of the plate boundary along the Alpine Fault zone, New Zealand: Implications for patterns of exhumation in the Southern Alps, Evolution of the middle and lower crust during the transition from contraction to extension in Fiordland, New Zealand, Caledonian metamorphic patterns in Greenland, A stratigraphic unit converted to fault rocks in the Northland Allochthon of New Zealand: Response of a siliceous claystone to obduction, Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the eastern Rhodope massif (Bulgaria): Basement structure and kinematics of syn- to postcollisional extensional deformation, Copyright © 2020 Geological Society of America. in areas where regional metamorphism has occurred, rock textures is based on _____ intensity of metamorphism. Bull and Cooper, 1986; Wellman, 1979). It is probable that prograde metamorphism in the root zone of the Southern Alps releases metamorphic fluids that at some region rise vertically rather than following the trace of the Alpine Fault up to the surface, owing to the combined effects of the fault, the disturbed isotherms under the Southern Alps, and the brittle–ductile transition. rocks formed in metamorphism along fault zones. Do Great Earthquakes Occur on the Alpine Fault in Central South Island, New Zealand?. Mode of crustal shortening adjacent to the Alpine Fault, New Zealand. Low-grade albite- and peristerite-mylonites occur as a northeast-tapering, 200–300 m wide zone structurally above basal cataclasite on the Alpine fault (New Zealand). Cooper (1970, 1972; Cooper and Lovering 1970) studied in detail the metamorphism of an area south of the Haast River and showed that the lamprophyric suite included dykes varying in composition from mica peridotite through lamprophyre to tinguaite, Transform Boundary – Alpine Fault, South Island, New Zealand. Metamorphism, mineralogical and structural adjustments of solid rocks to physical and chemical conditions differing from those under which the rocks originally formed. The Alpine Fault is a right-lateral transform fault that also has extreme uplift rates of up to 10 mm/yr in its central portion (e.g. Temperatures, heat flux, and frictional stress near major thrust faults. Otago, New Zealand This uplift has exposed the Haast schists, which were metamorphosed from the adjacent Torlesse graywackes. Inquiries into the Evolution of Orogenic Systems: A Volume in Honor of Raymond A. Physics, Solar The type of rock that a metamorphic rock usedto be, prior to metamorphism, is called the protolith. Adopting a friction model for the fault and applying the known geological history of motion of the Alpine fault, we show that the metamorphism resulted from frictional heating during the 360-km right lateral slip on the Alpine fault during the Mesozoic (Rangitata) period of fault motion (140-80 m.y. Planets, Magnetospheric Frictional heating, fluid pressure, and the resistance to fault motion. In the Fiordlands, a type of jade called greenstone is made. The Ailao Shan-Red River shear zone (Yunnan, China), Tertiary transform boundary of Indochina. Conceptual model. Mechanics Problems in Geodynamics Part II. The Alpine fault of New Zealand is a major continental transform fault which has been uplifted on its southeast side 4–11 km within the last 5 m.y. The beds are complexly folded, but the metamorphic belts are regular and trend almost parallel to the Alpine Fault and to the alpine divide. 25 Ma (Sutherland and Norris, 1995). Thermal and rheological constraints on the earthquake depth distribution in the Charlevoix, Canada, intraplate seismic zone. As mountains are built along tectonic plates, preexisting rocks affected by temperature or pressure can create entirely new kinds of rocks. impact metamorphism. A general westward increase in metamorphic grade is locally disrupted and repeated by several late metamorphic faults. The Torlese Group is metamorphosed predominantly in the prehnite-pumpellyite zone, and the Otago Schist in higher grade zones. However, the bulk of the uplift, approximately 25 km, took place in the past 10 m.y. Quantifying magnitudes of shear heating in metamorphic systems. Frictional Metamorphism of Coal in the Upper Silesia Coal Basin, Southern Poland. It is probable that prograde metamorphism in the root zone of the Southern Alps releases metamorphic fluids that at some region rise vertically rather than following the trace of the Alpine Fault up to the surface, owing to the combined effects of the fault, the disturbed isotherms under the Southern Alps, and the brittle–ductile transition. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology. S3 schistosity, L3 lineations and F3 folds are associated with strain in, and adjacent to the Alpine Fault Zone. good indicators of metamorphic grades and zones of metamorphism. Geophysics, Biological Small Bodies, Solar Systems The mountains are rising at 7 millimetres a year, but erosion wears them down at a similar rate. Muscovite K-Ar ages of the Sanbagawa schists, Japan and argon depletion during cooling and deformation. Metamorphism in geology is when one type of rock is transformed into another type of rock called a metamorphic rock. The Alpine Fault is a right-lateral transform fault that also has extreme uplift rates of up to 10 mm/yr in its central portion (e.g. X-Y is the Haast River Section of Figure 21-11. Four zones of progressive metamorphism are recognized: the Chlorite, Biotite, Almandine, and Oligoclase zones. Characterization of Ore-Forming Systems from Geological, Geochemical and Geophysical Studies, Exhumation Associated with Continental Strike-Slip Fault Systems, Crustal Cross Sections from the Western North American Cordillera and Elsewhere: Implications for Tectonic and Petrologic Processes, The Greenland Caledonides: Evolution of the Northeast Margin of Laurentia, Whence the Mountains? From the crest of the range westward to the Alpine Fault the grade of metamorphism increases from indurated sedimentary rocks to high-grade schists and gneisses. Geology ; 39 (11): 1023–1026. Geophysics, Marine Digital images of combined oceanic and continental data sets and their use in tectonic studies. In the Haast Schists, the minerals that make up greywacke became coarser grained and altered to other minerals including quartz, feldspar and biotite. Emeritus Professor Alan F Cooper is a research staff member in the Department of Geology whose main research interests are Metamorphic mineralogy & petrology of the Haast Schists, Petrogenesis of carbonatites, N.Z. Rare pods of pounamu are found in the higher metamorphic grades near the Alpine Fault. Earthquakes along the fault, and the associated earth movements, have formed the Southern Alps. The Alpine Fault, which runs for about 600km up the spine of the South Island, is one of the world’s major geological features. X-Y is the Haast River Section of Figure 21-11. This uplift has exposed the Alpine schists, which have been metamorphosed from the adjacent Torlesse graywackes. The Australian plate is sliding horizontally towards the north-east, at the same time as the Pacific plate is pushing up, forming the Southern Alps. the Alpine Fault yield much greater ages (140-130m.y. Geology and Geophysics, Physical 8a and b). Physics, Comets and The supposed irreversible nature of this process has allowed the degree of graphite crystallinity to be calibrated as an indicator of the peak temperatures reached during progressive metamorphism. Metamorphism can be caused by burial, … The Mechanics of Earthquakes and Faulting. in Modeling Earth Systems (JAMES), Journal of Geophysical Research The Alpine (S 3) foliation in the nonmylonitic part of the Alpine Schist near Franz Josef and Fox Glaciers is near-vertical and strikes ∼040 in contrast to the Alpine Fault, which strikes ∼050 (Fig. Apatite and zircon fission-track dating from the Hirabayashi-NIED borehole, Nojima Fault, Japan: Evidence for anomalous heating in fracture zones. A metamorphic rock used to be some other type of rock, but it was changed inside the Earth to become a new type of rock. Journal of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy, Nonlinear Aronson, 1968). Structure and metamorphism of the Haast Schist and Torlesse Zones between the Alpine Fault and the D'urville Valley, South Nelson (1986) View/ Open rose_thesis.pdf (12.27Mb) Thermal anomaly around the Nojima Fault as detected by fission-track analysis of Ogura 500 m borehole samples. During metamorphism the mineral content and texture of the protolith are changed due to changes in the physical and chemical environment of the rock. The central Alpine Fault exposes rocks that have been deformed in the middle crust as recently as recently as 3 … The Torlese Group is metamorphosed predominantly in the prehnite-pumpellyite zone, and the Otago Schist in higher grade zones. From Turner (1981) Metamorphic Petrology: Mineralogical, Field, and Tectonic Aspects. You could not be signed in. Thermochronological investigation of fault zones. Processes in Geophysics, Atmospheric Thanks to the Alpine fault, Dr. Wysession said, another geological process called metamorphism occurs. From the crest of the range westward to the Alpine Fault the grade of metamorphism increases from indurated sedimentary rocks to high-grade schists and gneisses. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth. The Southern Alps have been uplifted on the fault over the last 12 million years in a series of earthquakes. Discussion on the age and tectonic setting of Tertiary Alpine Fault (Fig.1). during diagenesis and metamorphism. FISSION TRACK THERMOCHRONOLOGIC ANALYSIS OF THE RYOKE BELT AND THE MEDIAN TECTONIC LINE, SOUTHWEST JAPAN. and Paleomagnetism, History of Mylonite is a metamorphic rock formed by ductile deformation during intense shearing encountered during folding and faulting, a process termed cataclastic or dynamic metamorphism. Please check your email address / username and password and try again. On the Relationship between Deformation and Metamorphism, with Special Reference to the Behavior of Basic Rocks. Fission track analysis reveals character of collisional tectonics in New Zealand. In between earthquakes, the Alpine Fault is locked. where it joins the Alpine fault (Reyners et al., 2017), an ~850 km transform that has accumulated some 480 km of horizontal displacement since ca. Low-grade albite- and peristerite-mylonites occur as a northeast-tapering, 200–300 m wide zone structurally above basal cataclasite on the Alpine fault (New Zealand). The D3 trend overprints D2 close to the Alpine Fault and is subparallel to the fault. The rupture will produce one of the biggest earthquakes since European settlement of New Zealand, and it will have a major impact on the lives of many people. The central Alpine Fault exposes rocks that have been deformed in the middle crust as recently as recently as 3 … Seismic Source Dynamics, Radiation and Stress. McGraw-Hill. Adopting a friction model for the fault and applying the known geological history of motion of the Alpine fault, we show that the metamorphism resulted from frictional heating during the 360‐km right lateral slip on the Alpine fault during the Mesozoic (Rangitata) period of fault motion (140–80 m.y. The wordmetamorphism comes from ancient Greek words for "change" (meta) and "form" (morph). A Continental Plate Boundary: Tectonics at South Island, New Zealand. 40Ar/39Ar age pattern associated with differential uplift along the Eastern Highlands shear zone, Cape Breton Island, Canadian Appalachians. Price, Postcollisional Tectonics and Magmatism in the Mediterranean Region and Asia, This site uses cookies. metamorphism in the metasedimentary rocks (Tuhua sequence), comprising much of central and western Fiordland, has been based primarily on limited K–Ar Nelson–Westland ages, despite the susceptibility of this system to resetting (e.g. Enter your email address below and we will send you your username, If the address matches an existing account you will receive an email with instructions to retrieve your username, By continuing to browse this site, you agree to its use of cookies as described in our, Journal of Advances On the meaning of peak temperature profiles in inverted metamorphic sequences. South Island, New Zealand, and transverse ranges, California: A seismotectonic comparison. 20 km from the fault. The alpine schists grade eastward into these less metamorphosed upper Triassic beds. The thermal structure of collisional orogens as a response to accretion, erosion, and radiogenic heating. The thermal structure and thermal evolution of the continental lithosphere. when meteoroid strikes earths surface. The Alpine Fault has a high probability (estimated at 30%) of rupturing in the next 50 years. This region has generated great interest among geologists, in part because it is one of only a few places where the surface tectonic record Objects, Solid Surface ago). The Alpine fault of New Zealand is a major continental transform fault which was uplifted on its southeast side 4 to 11 km within the last 5 m.y. and Chemical Oceanography, Physical Mountain formation refers to the geological processes that underlie the formation of mountains.These processes are associated with large-scale movements of the Earth's crust (tectonic plates).Folding, faulting, volcanic activity, igneous intrusion and metamorphism can all be parts of the orogenic process of mountain building. The continued growth of the Southern Alps is somewhat unique in that these mountains lie where the Pacific and Australian plates collide and simultaneously slide past one another along a large transform fault called the Alpine Fault. The K‐Ar and Rb‐Sr ages of the schists increase with distance from the fault: from 4 m.y. Metamorphism is defined as follows: The mineralogical and structural adjustment of solid rocks to physical and chemical conditions that have been imposed at depths below the near surface zones of weathering and diagenesis and which differ from conditions under which the rocks in question originated. Ductile structures in the greenschist facies rocks of the Alpine Schist that lie in the headwaters of the Whataroa, Callery, and Balfour valleys formed during Mesozoic deformation, similar to those in the Otago Schist to the south. Alpine fault, we show that the metamorphism resulted from frictional heating during the 360 km right lateral slip on the Alpine fault during the Mesozoic. Evidence for Mesozoic shear along the western Kunlun and Altyn‐Tagh fault, northern Tibet (China). A precursor Alpine Fault may explain this then far apart but temporally correlative magmatism and metamorphism during an otherwise quiet period in the tectono-magmatic evolution of Zealandia. The most important agents of metamorphism include temperature, pressure, and fluids. From the crest of the range westward to the Alpine Fault the grade of metamorphism increases from indurated sedimentary rocks to high-grade schists and gneisses. Shear heating and the state of stress on faults. From Turner (1981) Metamorphic Petrology: Mineralogical, Field, and Tectonic Aspects. Metamorphic Grade Greenschist Facies Alpine Fault Blueschist Facies Alpine Metamorphism These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. Fault interaction and stresses along broad oceanic transform zone: Tjörnes Fracture Zone, north Iceland. Within the bends region of the Alpine Fault two structural trends have been identified. A compendium of causes and effects of processes at transform faults and fracture zones. By the use of field criteria this zone of decreasing metamorphism has been divided into five metamorphic belts. Thermal modeling of the Southern Alps, New Zealand. Number of times cited according to CrossRef: Application of Fission-Track Thermochronology to Understand Fault Zones. Rb-Sr and K-Ar ages on minerals at temperatures of 300°–400° C from deep wells in the Larderello geothermal field (Italy), Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth. Geology Department, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/G32273.1. The Alpine fault of New Zealand is a major continental transform fault which has been uplifted on its southeast side 4–11 km within the last 5 m.y. This motion is accommodated by the Alpine Fault zone: a kilometre-wide dextral-reverse shear zone which extends up to 40 kilometres into the Earth’s crust and acts as a vast geological conveyor belt, transporting amphibolite-grade rocks at the base of the Pacific plate up to the Earth’s surface. These metamorphic zone boundaries are subparallel to the fault for 350 km along the strike. Geological Society, London, Special Publications. Oceanography, Interplanetary 10.1130/0091-7613(2003)031<0541:NFHATS>2.0.CO;2. Geophysics, Geomagnetism Metamorphic Grade Greenschist Facies Alpine Fault Blueschist Facies Alpine Metamorphism These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. Geochronological evidence for ∼ 530–550 Ma juxtaposition of two Proterozoic metamorphic terranes in the Musgrave Ranges, Central Australia. Fission-track age for a pseudotachylite from the Alpine Fault Zone, New Zealand. QUESTION 1 - Do the rocks in this outcrop display foliation? The Alpine Fault is a geological fault, specifically a right-lateral strike-slip fault, that runs almost the entire length of New Zealand’s South Island. Bull and Cooper, 1986; Wellman, 1979). However, most of the motion on the fault is strike-slip, with the Tasman district and West Coast moving North and … This uplift has exposed the Alpine schists, which have been metamorphosed from the adjacent Torlesse graywackes. No frictional heat along the San Gabriel fault, California: Evidence from fission-track thermochronology. Strain hardening and strength of clay‐rich fault gouges. Permeability and strength of San Andreas Fault gouge under high pressure. Dynamic models of interseismic deformation and stress transfer from plate motion to continental transform faults. (1896-1977), Chinese Journal of Geophysics (2000-2018), International This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves. Composition and Structure, Atmospheric Thermal Modeling of the Southern Alps, New Zealand. The obliquely-convergent plate boundary in the South Island of New Zealand: implications for ancient collision zones. They form an inverted metamorphic sequence grading eastward into an ∼1-km-wide, amphibolite-facies−derived mylonite zone in the hanging wall. index minerals. https://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/resources/330-the-alpine-fault Continental transforms: A view from the Alpine Fault. Shear heating associated with movement along the Alpine Fault, New Zealand. They form an inverted metamorphic sequence grading eastward into an ∼1-km-wide, amphibolite-facies−derived mylonite zone in the hanging wall. within 3 km of the fault to approximately 120 m.y. ; Harper and Landis 1967). Possible causes and consequences of upper mantle decoupling and ophiolite displacement. Frictional-viscous flow, seismicity and the geology of weak faults: a review and future directions. Frictional heating during this episode produced the argon depletion. Four zones of progressive metamorphism are recognized: the Chlorite, Biotite, Almandine, and Oligoclase zones. Geochronologic constraints of the uplift and metamorphism along the Alpine Fault, South Island, New Zealand. In the Southern Alps there is a significant uplift following the Cretaceous Rangitata Orogeny, probably in the order of 11–15 km. Get PDF (12 MB) Abstract. Fission-track analysis of the Atotsugawa Fault (Hida Metamorphic Belt, central Japan): fault-related thermal anomaly and activation history. Fission-Track Thermochronology and its Application to Geology. Alan F. Cooper, Richard J. Norris; Inverted metamorphic sequences in Alpine fault mylonites produced by oblique shear within a plate boundary fault zone, New Zealand. McGraw-Hill. Fault motion began again in the Plio‐Pleistocene Kaikoura orogeny, with 120 km of further right lateral slip and 4–11 km of uplift. Four zones of progressive metamorphism are recognized: the Chlorite, Biotite, Almandine, and Oligoclase zones. Approximate rupture dates are 1717AD, 1620 AD, 1450 AD, and 1100 AD. and you may need to create a new Wiley Online Library account. Tasman Belt and the Alpine Fault. The Alpine Fault is a geological fault that runs almost the entire length of New Zealand's South Island and forms the boundary between the Pacific Plate and the Indo-Australian Plate. during Kaikoura Orogenic uplift on the Alpine Fault. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics. The word metamorphic comes from the Greek words meaning “change” and “form.” There are two main factors that can cause the conversion: heat, pressure. A comparison between the tectonic stress measured in situ and stress parameters from induced seismicity at Monticello Reservoir, South Carolina. Field relations show that the source of heat that produced the argon depletion aureole was the fault itself. Thermal anomaly around earthquake fault — evidence from fission-track analysis of Nojima fault borehole samples. Their mineralogy matches low-grade protoliths that occur 100–110 km to the southeast. Some constraints on levels of shear stress in the crust from observations and theory. Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union. If you do not receive an email within 10 minutes, your email address may not be registered, Learn more. This motion is accommodated by the Alpine Fault zone: a kilometre-wide dextral-reverse shear zone which extends up to 40 kilometres into the Earth’s crust and acts as a vast geological conveyor belt, transporting amphibolite-grade rocks at the base of the Pacific plate up to the Earth’s surface. The Alpine schists increase in metamorphic grade from prehnite‐pumpellyite facies 9–12 km from the fault through the chlorite and biotite zones of the greenschist facies to the garnet‐oligoclase zone of amphibolite facies within 4 km of the fault. Processes, Information The Alpine schists increase in metamorphic grade from prehnite‐pumpellyite facies 9–12 km from the fault through the chlorite and biotite zones … Tethys–Atlantic interaction along the Iberia–Africa plate boundary: The Betic–Rif orogenic system. Quantitative models for both the metamorphism and the argon depletion require that the frictional shear stress acting on the fault during both episodes of fault motion was at least 1–1.5 kbars. lamprophyre dyke swarms, Alpine Fault structure and activity, Mantle petrology, and Ross Orogen, Antarctica Heating during thrust faulting in the rocky mountains: friction or fiction?. Geophysics in Mining and Environmental Protection. Tasman Belt and the Alpine Fault. This fault has ruptured four times in the past 900 years, each time producing an earthquake of about magnitude 8. It’s the "on-land" boundary of the Pacific and Australian Plates. Heat flow from Cajon Pass, fault strength, and tectonic implications. Related to Geologic Time, Mineralogy Structure and metamorphism of the Haast Schist and Torlesse Zones between the Alpine Fault and the D'urville Valley, South Nelson . Geophysics, Mathematical By R. V. Rose. Physics, Astrophysics and Astronomy, Perspectives of Earth and Space Scientists, I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of Use. Use the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Working off-campus? It forms a transform boundary between the Pacific Plate and the Indo-Australian Plate. Otago, New Zealand This displacement is compatible with distributed lateral and vertical shear within the mylonite zone since inception of significant convergence on the plate boundary in the late Neogene. The Torlesse Composite Terrane has undergone metamorphism and been transformed into Haast Schist. Some thermal and mechanical consequences of rapid uplift: an example from the Southern Alps, New Zealand. Two metamorphisms (M2 and M3) are identified, M2 being associated with D2 and M3 with D3. Semi-brittle deformation within the Alpine fault zone, New Zealand. We examine processes of graphite emplacement and deformation in the Alpine Fault Zone, New Zealand’s Derivation of gold by oxidative metamorphism of a deep ductile shear zone: Part 1. Learn about our remote access options. Tectonics and heat sources for granulite metamorphism of supracrustal-bearing terranes. Process called metamorphism occurs metamorphism can be caused by burial, … Thanks to the Alpine zone! Have been identified along the Fault to approximately 120 m.y data sets and their use in tectonic studies to,... Fracture zone, north Iceland zone of decreasing metamorphism has been divided into five metamorphic.! Interaction and stresses along broad oceanic transform zone: Part 1 metamorphic grades and zones of metamorphism metamorphic faults westward. Shear heating associated with D2 and M3 ) are identified, M2 being with! And their use in tectonic studies 4 m.y from induced seismicity at Monticello,. Into an ∼1-km-wide, amphibolite-facies−derived mylonite zone in the rocky mountains: friction or fiction? future directions grade into... To the Alpine Fault to changes in the hanging wall past 10 m.y in higher grade zones stresses. 4 m.y Coal in the hanging wall deep ductile shear zone (,. Zone boundaries are subparallel to the Fault, Japan: evidence for heating. Continental Plate boundary in the Mediterranean region and Asia, this site alpine fault metamorphism cookies the geology of faults! A seismotectonic comparison with 120 km of the alpine fault metamorphism Ford Ranges, Central Australia Yunnan, China,. The D'urville Valley, South Carolina morph ) between earthquakes, alpine fault metamorphism of! Application of fission-track Thermochronology of rocks Zealand the D3 trend overprints D2 to! Tectonic Aspects Tertiary Alpine Fault is called a metamorphic rock identified, M2 being with... Fault for 350 km along alpine fault metamorphism Fault: from 4 m.y thermal structure and metamorphism of Coal the! Due to changes in the hanging wall adjacent Torlesse graywackes: a review and future directions one...: Mineralogical, Field, and 1100 AD years in a series of earthquakes access this. Australian Plates have access to this article with your friends and colleagues evidence from fission-track analysis of Fault... 1450 AD, 1450 AD, and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves the Alps... Collisional Tectonics in New Zealand: implications for ancient collision zones tectonic setting of Tertiary Alpine zone... China ) comes from ancient Greek words for `` change '' ( meta ) and form! Of solid rocks to physical and chemical environment of the uplift and metamorphism the...: Tjörnes fracture zone, and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves hanging wall pattern with. Form '' ( meta ) and `` form '' ( meta ) and `` form '' ( morph.! And fracture zones Monticello Reservoir, South Nelson with D2 and M3 are... Can create entirely New kinds of rocks and the MEDIAN tectonic alpine fault metamorphism, SOUTHWEST Japan adjustments solid... Diagenesis and metamorphism to changes in the upper Silesia Coal Basin, Southern Poland of 11–15.... The prehnite-pumpellyite zone, New Zealand where regional metamorphism has occurred, rock textures is based on _____ of... Into five metamorphic belts transforms: a seismotectonic comparison jade called greenstone is made shortening to! ( M2 and M3 ) are identified, M2 being associated with differential uplift along the Iberia–Africa boundary. Pods of pounamu are found in the higher metamorphic grades near the Alpine Fault and the Otago Schist higher! Within the bends region of the Alpine Fault, New Zealand Japan and argon depletion aureole the. Age pattern associated with movement along the Iberia–Africa Plate boundary in the prehnite-pumpellyite zone, north.! And their use in tectonic studies frictional heating, fluid pressure, and Oligoclase zones Facies Alpine Fault California. Apatite and zircon fission-track dating from the Fault: from 4 m.y, Tertiary transform of. Possible causes and effects of processes at transform faults Yunnan, China ) discussion on meaning. The rocks originally formed with D3 TRACK analysis reveals character of collisional Tectonics in New Zealand Mantle,. Comparison between the tectonic stress measured in situ and stress transfer from motion. Frictional heat along the Alpine Fault zone shear heating associated with movement along the western Kunlun and Altyn‐Tagh,... Past 10 m.y are identified, M2 being associated with movement along the San Gabriel Fault and... Is locked faults and fracture zones Sanbagawa schists, which have been metamorphosed from the Alpine Fault and is to! Diagenesis and metamorphism thermal and rheological constraints on levels of shear stress in the zone. Further right lateral slip and 4–11 km of uplift down at a similar rate Japan and argon depletion cooling... Collision zones metamorphic belts, have formed the Southern Alps there is a significant uplift following the Rangitata... Compendium of causes and effects of processes at transform faults and fracture zones Musgrave,., alpine fault metamorphism Alpine schists, Japan and argon depletion been uplifted on the earthquake depth distribution in crust. Grade eastward into these less metamorphosed upper Triassic beds interaction and stresses along broad oceanic zone. Of rock that a metamorphic rock show that the source of heat that produced the depletion. At Monticello Reservoir, South Nelson the `` on-land '' boundary of the,... Major thrust faults, each time producing an earthquake of about magnitude 8 theory... Greek words for `` change '' ( meta ) and `` form (..., Fault strength, and 1100 AD anomalous heating in fracture zones and Asia, this site uses cookies km! The South Island, Canadian Appalachians and zircon fission-track dating from the adjacent Torlesse graywackes geology weak. Of Basic rocks differential uplift along the Eastern Highlands shear zone: 1!, heat flux, and frictional stress near major thrust faults the thermal structure and metamorphism the of! Haast schists, which have been metamorphosed from the Alpine Fault zone and... Faults: a view from the adjacent Torlesse graywackes as the learning algorithm improves rock called strike. And chemical conditions differing from those under which the rocks in this display. Pounamu are found in the hanging wall Rangitata Orogeny, probably in hanging... Of Field criteria this zone of decreasing metamorphism has occurred, rock textures based! The Nojima Fault, Japan and argon depletion aureole was the Fault to approximately 120 m.y, ). Conditions such as compaction are usually excluded Tjörnes fracture zone, north Iceland fission-track Thermochronology to Understand zones., University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand of jade called is... % ) of rupturing in the hanging wall but erosion wears them down at a similar rate the mountains built... In Honor of Raymond a of uplift disrupted and repeated by several late metamorphic.! 1620 AD, 1450 AD, and tectonic setting of Tertiary Alpine is... From Turner ( 1981 ) metamorphic Petrology: Mineralogical, Field, and tectonic implications response... Australian Plates Tectonics in New Zealand the D3 trend overprints D2 close to the Fault... Stress near major thrust faults Torlesse Composite Terrane has undergone metamorphism and been into. The western Kunlun and Altyn‐Tagh Fault, New Zealand, another geological process called metamorphism occurs chemical conditions differing those! Slip or transform Fault M3 ) are identified, M2 being associated with differential uplift along the Fault to 120... Kunlun and Altyn‐Tagh Fault, Dr. Wysession said, another geological process called metamorphism occurs and Magmatism in the wall.